Utilities estimate bills when meter readers cannot access the meter (weather, locked yard, vacation hold). Estimates are marked 'E' on most US bills. Two consecutive estimates in a row is the trigger for dispute. Request a meter re-read; the next bill will reconcile against actual usage. If the utility refuses to re-read or the estimate appears wrong by 25 percent or more, file a PUC complaint.
When utilities estimate
Weather: heavy snow or ice prevents meter reader access. Locked yard: meter reader cannot enter. Vacation hold: customer requested no entry.
Equipment failure: smart meter offline or analog meter unreadable. Utilities are required to estimate for at most 1 to 2 cycles before re-reading.
Dispute path with PUC timeline
Step 1: contact utility customer service. Request re-read within 5 business days.
Step 2: if utility refuses, file PUC complaint. Most state PUCs mediate within 30 days.
Step 3: if dispute resolved in customer favor, utility refunds overpaid amount on next bill.
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Quick answers from the editorial desk
How often does utility estimate?
Submit own meter reading?
Refund for over-estimate?
Utility schedule meter read?
Further reading